Naturally, imaging the Moon at good seeing is the best guarantor of success. Noise can be reduced by choosing the lowest feasable gain and a large number of frames to stack. The aim is to produce videos at shortest possible exposure time and fast frame rate in particular when seeing is poor and persistently Several Gigabytes per video file (ex.: 6000 frames, 8-bit depth = 12GB) the capacity of the hard disk should be generous, at least, say, 512 Gigabytes. Memory, then saving the buffered frames to hard disk, a process which can significantly extend the time needed for writing a video file. When frequently imaging in both wavelength domains, a (mechanical) filterĬonsider a laptop with SSD disk and powered USB-3.x port since mechanical hard disks are often too slow resulting in intermediate buffering of frames in With increasing wavelength theĬamera's response drops in that filters with long wavelengths require longer exposure times.ĬMOS cameras containing the Sony IMX462 sensor are highly sensitive to infrared, therefore hardly compromisingĮxposure time when using IR-pass filters up to 750nm. IR-pass filters are available with kick-off wavelengths between about 600nm and 850nm. When the atmosphere is turbulent, an IR-pass filter can help reduce the effect of blurring. An infrared pass filter blocks visual light and canīe used with both color and monochrome cameras while images are usually converted to gray scale because It is indispensible for color photography. If used without filters images will look notably smeared with pastel colors. Two types of filters are essentially required because a CMOS camera is sensitive to both visual and near infrared Cameras containing the Sony IMX290/462 sensor are ideal for our purpose.Īnd IR-Pass filter for near-infrared imaging on a filter wheel. A filter set including wheel costs about the same as a color camera in that ownership of both aĬolor and a monochrome camera is most efficient. To produce a color image with a monochrome camera a set of color filters is required significantly extending imagingĪnd post-processing time. Monochrome cameras offer higher resolution and sharpness. Available in color and monochrome, planetary cameras sport sensors up toįull HD resolution (1920 x 1080 pixels), resulting in a narrow field of view which is desirable for imaging the Moon and the planets.Ĭolor cameras make it easy to image painlessly within short time. (typically the best 10% to 20%) are used for stacking. Sensor comprising 1936 x 1096 pixels, same as the ASI462MC color camera which is highly sensitive to infrared.Ī "planetary" CMOS astro-camera records uncompressed videos containing thousands of frames from which a certain percentage Larger therefore better positioned for imaging, however, we may be splitting hairs since seeing is the more dominant factor influencing the resolution Consequently, when nearest, the Moon is apparently (251,903 miles), after all a difference of 42,800 kilometers (26,595 miles), or over 12 times the lunar diameter. When reaching its closest orbit location the distance is around 362,600 kilometers (225,310 miles) while the farest point is at around 405,400 kilometers Since the lunar orbit around Earth is of elliptical shape its distance to Earth changes strictly speaking every second (orbital speed = 1.022km/sec). Libration occurs in both lunar latitude and longitude and at times brings far sideįeatures or parts of them into view, such as the entire Mare Humboldtianum at the northeastern edge above the better known Mare Crisium. Inclination) + 5.15° (ecliptic to orbital plane inclination) = 6.69°. The maximum libration angle is: 1.54° (equator to ecliptic Thanks to the moon's libration (wobbling effect), 59% of its surface is observable from Earth. Under the right illumination and timing stunning pictures of such features are possible - the exciting side of lunar photography. Most craters contain a dozen or more craterlets and have central peaks casting shadows. Rupes Altai is an escarpment located south of Mare Nectaris stretching over 420 kilometers (260 miles). Crater Copernicus is 3.8 kilometers (2.36 miles) deep as are many more, wide or small. Rise as high as 5 kilometers (3 miles) casting long shadows. Some peaks of the rugged mountain chain Montes Apenninus The Moon is about a quarter the diameter of Earth but exhibits extreme natural and geological dimensions. With an IR-pass filter in order to obtain higher resolution and sharpness benefitting from the high near-infrared response of modern astro-cameras. Though the moon exhibits subtle colors, in particular the northern regions, many astro-photographers prefer to use monochrome cameras in conjunction
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